Understanding CBD, THC and Hemp Oil in Pets

There has been growing interest in plant based therapies for pets, and one of the most commonly asked questions in recent years is about CBD oil. As a holistic veterinary team, we believe it’s important to provide balanced, evidence informed education so you can make confident decisions about your pet’s wellbeing.

CBD stands for cannabidiol, a naturally occurring compound extracted from the plant Cannabis sativa. Unlike THC, CBD is non-psychoactive, which means it does not cause a “high.” Instead, it interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system, a regulatory system involved in pain perception, inflammation, mood, appetite and immune balance. Because of this, CBD is being explored in veterinary medicine as a supportive option for conditions such as osteoarthritis, chronic pain, anxiety disorders, seizure management and palliative care support.

It is important to understand that research in animals is still developing. While early studies and clinical experience are promising in some areas, quality, dosing and product consistency can vary widely. This is why professional guidance is so important.

THC, or tetrahydrocannabinol, is the psychoactive compound found in cannabis. It is the component responsible for the “high” associated with marijuana. Pets, especially dogs, are far more sensitive to THC than humans. Even small amounts can cause toxicity, leading to signs such as wobbliness, disorientation, extreme sedation, tremors, abnormal heart rate or urinary incontinence. For this reason, veterinary prescribed CBD products must contain either no THC or only strictly regulated trace amounts within legal limits.

Here in Australia, CBD products are classified as prescription only medicines (Schedule 4). This means they must be prescribed by a veterinarian following a consultation and clinical assessment. They cannot legally be purchased over the counter for pets. CBD can also interact with other medications, particularly those metabolised by the liver, so monitoring and appropriate dosing are essential parts of responsible use.

It is also helpful to clarify the difference between CBD oil and hemp seed oil, as they are often confused. Hemp seed oil is pressed from the seeds of the hemp plant and is primarily a nutritional supplement. It is rich in beneficial omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and can support skin health, coat quality and general wellbeing. However, it contains negligible to no CBD and does not have the same therapeutic properties attributed to cannabidiol. Hemp seed oil is not a prescription medicine.

As an integrative practice, we are always open to discussing both conventional and complementary therapies when they are appropriate and safe. Our goal is not to follow trends, but to thoughtfully consider what may benefit each individual patient based on their health status, current medications and overall treatment plan.

If you are curious about whether CBD could be appropriate for your pet, we encourage you to have a conversation with us. Informed, guided care ensures that any therapy, conventional or holistic, is used safely, ethically and in your pet’s best interest.